Method of trade-marking carbon paper



March 17, 1931. s. A NEIDICH METHOD OF TRADE MARKING CARBON PAPER Filed Feb. 26, 1929 JIGFE Nqnol -12 (301 1135 a.) m 3+? m zv um N Z 0 c Patented Mar. 17, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 'UEL A. NEIDIGH,

FROGESS COMPANY, OF BURLINGTON, NEW JERSEY,

A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE METHOD OF TRADE-MARKING CARBON PAPER Application flied February 26, 1929. Serial No. 342,821.

My invention relates to the manufacture of transfer webs of tissue paper and the like coated with transfer material, which is known to the trade as dope, and preferably a mixture of waxes, oils, and pigment, such as lamp black, if the material is to be used for what are called carbon copies from written impressions.

Commercial competition with respect to such productsis such that it is highly desirable to mark each sheet in such a manner as to clearly manifest thereon the origin thereof, to prevent substitution of cheaper products by unscrupulous dealers. It is also desirable to distinguish such products as to quality thereof and as to the capacity of the respective sheets for production of transfer impressions. For instance, distinct marks upon such products may respectively indicate the manufacturer thereof and the grade of the product, and the maximum capacity of the respective sheet as to the number of copies which may be'simultaneously made with such sheets.

It has long been the practice to identify paper products with what are termed water marks, i. e.. regions of the paper which are reduced in thickness while the paper is wet. However, such marking is not only costly but, in the extremely thin tissues used for transfer purposes, such marking lessens the value of the product by causing perforations in the tissue. Printers ink imprints upon such tissues also render them liable to break at the edges of the imprints and renders them less capable of transferring impressions thruout the area covered by such imprints. It has also been proposed to apply to the faces of the tissues from which transfer webs are to be formed, a penetrating marking fluid which penetrates from the coated side of the paper to the uncoated side so as to be visible from the back of the paper and is of such nature as to resist absorption of the transfer coating thruout the area of the tissue thus penetrated. The effect of such a method and means of trade-marking a transfer web is that, as seen from the back, the area marked is of a lighter tint or shade than the surrounding area,

which has absorbed the oils and waxes from the carbon dope.

It is the purpose and effect of my invention to mark such transfer webs with a chemical which imparts to the material of the web a greater capacity for absorption of the oily substances from the dope coating than the areas of the web which are not thus treated, and with the effect that, as seen from the back, the marked area is darker in tint or shade than the surrounding area.

My invention includes the various novel features of method and means hereinafter more definitely specified.

In said drawings; Fig. I is a perspective view of the back of asheet of transfer web trade-marked in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary elevation of a portion of the back of a transfer web trademarked in accordance with my invention and having additional marks respectively designating the quality and the capacity of the same.

In Fig. I, I have shown a sheet of carbon paper 1 manifesting the trade-mark 2 by outlines 3 which are darker than the surrounding area 4 0f the back of the sheet of tissue, provided with a dope coating upon its opposite face. Such marking is preferably effected by applying, thruout the lines 3, oleic acid or the like chemical, having the capacity to render the tissue paper of the sheet 1 more absorbent of the oily part of the dope than where it is not thus chemically treated.

In Fig. II, the transfer web 6 is provided wlth marks 7, 8, and 9, by the initial application to the web of a chemical capable of lncreasing the absorbing capacity of the web as aforesaid. However, said marks are for respectively different puposes; the mark 7 indicating the manufacturer; the mark 8 indicating the grade of the product; and the mark 9 indicating the capacity of the prodnot as to the number of transfer copies which may be simultaneously made therewith from a single typewritten imprint. As indicated, each of said marks 7, 8, and 9 is darker than the surrounding area 10 of the web 6.

The contrast between the chemically treated area and the other areas of the transfer webs may be varied in accordance with the treatment of the latter after the transfer the temperature of coating is applied thereto. For instance, the coated web may be passed over heated cylindrical rolls to cause the waxy, oily por tion of the dope to be absorbed, more or less, by the web tissue, according to the use to be made of the transfer web. The coating is applied hot, and if instantly chilled upon the surface of the web, absorption of the latter is minimized and impressions transferred therefrom are as dark as possible and, in

' fact, such chilled coating may come ofl with a single impression, whereas, in accordance with the degree of absorption, the impressions are fainter, and more of them can be made.

The degree of absorption is variable in accordance with several factors, for instance, the hot roll over which the web passes, the speed of its passage, and the area of contact of the web and the roll during such passage.

It is important to note that, under such conditions of manufacture, applying to the tissue to be used for forming a transfer web, any material for trade-marking purposes, or otherwise, which resists absorption of the Waxy, oily substances from'the dope, interferes with the grading of the product by the heat treatment aforesaid in that such treatment is ineffective in causing such absorption thruout the areas thus marked. On the contrary, the use of my invention leaves all of the tissue with at least its initial capacity for absorption as aforesaid.

Altho I have specified lamp black as a pigment and that is the principal ingredient of the transfer dope in what is known to the trade as carbon paper, there is a commercial demand for colored transfer material, and it is to be understood that my invention may be advantageously employed in the manufacture of transfer webs of any color. For instance, thedope may include more or less of a pigment known to the trade as Victoria blue base, C H N,Cl (and which is the base of the dye commonly known as Victoria blue and which differs from the Victoria green base only in the position of the methyl radical) in accordance with the tint or shade of blue desired. In manufacturing such colored products, the trademarkmg may be effected with similar or contrasting colors. For instance, if the webs are to be coated with dope colored with Victoria blue base, some of the latter may be mixed with the oleic acid before the latter is applied. For instance, I have found it convenient to use a mixture of 95% oleic acid with 5% Victoria blue base, which colors the web, before the colored dope is applied thereto.

However, in any case, it is characteristic of which the use of my invention that the trade-marked portion of the transfer web is darker than the surrounding area, instead of lighter, as in the prior art exemplified, for instance, by Letters Patent of the United States N 0. 1,513,246 dated October 28, 1924 and No. 1,659,320 dated February 14, 1928 granted to William J onse Hughes, describing and claiming processes of marking paper by rendering a portion of the area thereof less than normally absorbent of the oily portion of the transfer material.

Altho I found it convenient to employ oleic acid as a means for increasing the absorbing capacity of transfer webs as aforesaid; other acids of that class, or other chemicals havin such capacity may be employed. Acids 0 said class are known as fatty acids and the compositions including such acids, as above contemplated, are known as glyceride glycerol esters.

Therefore, I do not desire to limitmyself to the precise details of procedure or means for effecting my invention herein set forth, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

I claim: Y

1. Theprocess of marking a transfer web consists in applying thereto an acid chemical capable of increasing the capacity of the web for absorption of waxy, oily transfer material, and then applying such transfer material to said web.

2. A process as in claim 1; wherein the chemical and the transfer material are applied to the same face of the web;

3. A process as in claim 1; wherein the chemical is oleic acid.

4. A transfer a mark, visible from the back thereof, which is darker than the surounding area thereof and which is formed by an area of the web containing an acid chemical imparting thereto a greater capacity for absorption of waxy, oily transfer material than the surrounding area of the web;

5. The process of marking transfer paper which consists in applying the desired marking to the supporting paper or tissue in oleic acid and then coating said paper or tissue with transfer material.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Burlington, New Jersey,- this 31st day of January, 1929.

SAMUEL A. NEIDICH. 

